Gliding Phenomena: Disk Utilities in Linux

Linux, renowned for its robustness, is a preferred choice among software professionals. Navigating the expansive world of disk management, Linux offers a spectrum of utilities. In this concise guide, we'll explore essential tools tailored for professionals, shedding light on three practical examples for each.

df (Disk Free):
- Example 1: Display disk space usage for all mounted filesystems.
```
df -h
```
- Example 2: Show the total, used, and available space for a specific directory.
```
df -h /path/to/directory
```
- Example 3: Highlight human-readable disk space information in 1K blocks.
```
df -kh
```
du (Disk Usage):
- Example 1: Determine the size of a directory and its subdirectories.
```
du -h /path/to/directory
```
- Example 2: Display the sizes of all files in a directory.
```
du -h --max-depth=1
```
- Example 3: Sort and list top disk space-consuming directories.
```
du -h --max-depth=1 | sort -rh
```
fdisk:
- Example 1: List all available disk partitions.
```
fdisk -l
```
- Example 2: Create a new partition on a specific disk.
```
fdisk /dev/sdX
```
- Example 3: Delete a partition from a disk.
```
fdisk /dev/sdX -d
```
parted:
- Example 1: Display partition information for a specific disk.
```
parted /dev/sdX print
```
- Example 2: Resize a partition to a specific size.
```
parted /dev/sdX resizepart N 50G
```
- Example 3: Create a new partition on a disk.
```
parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary ext4 0% 100%
```
gparted:
- Example 1: Launch the graphical partition editor.
```
gparted
```
- Example 2: Resize a partition using the GUI interface.
```
gparted /dev/sdX
```
- Example 3: Format a partition with a specific file system.
```
gparted /dev/sdX - create new ext4 partition
```
badblocks:
- Example 1: Check for bad blocks on a specific disk.
```
badblocks -s /dev/sdX
```
- Example 2: Print a list of bad blocks found during testing.
```
badblocks -l /dev/sdX
```
- Example 3: Non-destructive read-write test for bad blocks.
```
badblocks -n /dev/sdX
```
smartctl:
- Example 1: Display SMART information for a specific disk.
```
smartctl -a /dev/sdX
```
- Example 2: Run a short self-test on a disk.
```
smartctl -t short /dev/sdX
```
- Example 3: View the test result and overall health status.
```
smartctl -l selftest /dev/sdX
```
rsync:
- Example 1: Copy files and directories to a remote server.
```
rsync -av /local/path/ user@remote:/remote/path/
```
- Example 2: Synchronize two directories, updating only changed files.
```
rsync -av --update /source/directory/ /destination/directory/
```
- Example 3: Backup a directory and exclude specific files.
```
rsync -av --exclude='*.log' /source/directory/ /backup/directory/
```
lvm (Logical Volume Manager):
- Example 1: Display information about logical volumes.
```
lvs
```
- Example 2: Create a new logical volume.
```
lvcreate -L 10G -n myvolume myvg
```
- Example 3: Extend the size of a logical volume.
```
lvextend -L +5G /dev/myvg/myvolume
```
fstrim:
- Example 1: Trim all mounted filesystems.
```
fstrim -a
```
- Example 2: Trim a specific mount point.
```
fstrim /path/to/mount/point
```
- Example 3: Dry-run trim to check for discardable blocks.
```
fstrim -v --dry-run /path/to/mount/point
```
duf:
- Example 1: Display disk usage with a colorful and user-friendly interface.
```
duf -c
```
- Example 2: Show disk usage for a specific directory.
```
duf /path/to/directory
```
- Example 3: Display disk usage with detailed information.
```
duf -l
```
ncdu:
- Example 1: Launch the NCurses Disk Usage tool for interactive disk exploration.
```
ncdu
```
- Example 2: Scan and analyze disk usage for a specific directory.
```
ncdu /path/to/directory
```
- Example 3: Display disk usage in a human-readable format.
```
ncdu -x
```
fstab (File System Table):
- Example 1: Edit the fstab file for automatic mounting of partitions at boot.
```
nano /etc/fstab
```
- Example 2: View the current entries in the fstab file.
```
cat /etc/fstab
```
- Example 3: Check for errors in the fstab file syntax.
```
mount -a --test
```

Gliding Phenomena

Disk Utilities in Linux

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