Resolving Package Conflict with Level-Zero Installation; Fixing dpkg Error

Preparing to unpack level-zero_1.20.2+u24.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking level-zero (1.20.2) ...
dpkg: error processing archive level-zero_1.20.2+u24.04_amd64.deb (--install):
trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libze_loader.so.1', which is also in package libze1:amd64 1.17.42-1
Errors were encountered while processing:
level-zero_1.20.2+u24.04_amd64.deb

When installing .deb packages, conflicts can arise if multiple packages attempt to claim the same file. In this case, the installation of level-zero_1.20.2+u24.04_amd64.deb is blocked due to a conflict with the libze1:amd64 package.

If you're encountering an error while installing level-zero_1.20.2+u24.04_amd64.deb due to a package conflict, you can resolve it by forcing the overwrite. The issue arises when dpkg tries to overwrite a file already included in another package (libze1:amd64). 

To fix this, 

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite level-zero_1.20.2+u24.04_amd64.deb 

This command will force dpkg to overwrite the conflicting file, allowing the installation to proceed.

# Check if Level Zero is installed
dpkg -l level-zero

When using --force-overwrite, be aware that it can potentially cause issues if the overwritten file is required by another package. However, in this case, it's likely that the level-zero package is intended to replace the older version of the file provided by libze1:amd64.

Install CMake 3.30.8 on Ubuntu 22.04

How to Install CMake 3.30.8 on Ubuntu 22.04

CMake is a powerful open-source tool for managing the build process of software projects. This guide provides a step-by-step process to install CMake version 3.30.8 on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish) using the Kitware APT repository. Whether you're a developer or setting up a build environment, follow these steps to get CMake 3.30.8 up and running.

Prerequisites

Before starting, ensure you have:

• An Ubuntu 22.04 system with internet access.
• Administrative privileges (sudo access).

Step-by-Step Installation

1. Update System Packages

   Keep your system up to date to avoid compatibility issues.

   
         sudo apt update
   	  
   
   	  sudo apt upgrade -y
         

2. Install Required Tools

   Install packages needed to manage the Kitware repository.

   sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates gnupg software-properties-common wget

3. Add Kitware APT Repository

   Import the Kitware signing key and add the repository for Ubuntu 22.04 (jammy).

   
         wget -O - https://apt.kitware.com/keys/kitware-archive-latest.asc 2>/dev/null | gpg --dearmor - | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/kitware-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
   	
   
   
   	echo 'deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/kitware-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.kitware.com/ubuntu/ jammy main' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kitware.list >/dev/null

4. Update Package Index

   Refresh the package lists to include the Kitware repository.

   sudo apt update

5. Remove Existing CMake Versions

   Purge any previously installed CMake versions to prevent conflicts.

   sudo apt purge --auto-remove cmake cmake-data

6. Clean APT Cache

   Clear cached packages to ensure a clean installation.

   sudo apt clean

7. Install CMake 3.30.8

   You can also check other available cmake versions using
   apt-cache madison cmake

   Install CMake 3.30.8 and its data package explicitly to avoid dependency issues.

   sudo apt install -y cmake=3.30.8-0kitware1ubuntu22.04.1 cmake-data=3.30.8-0kitware1ubuntu22.04.1

8. Verify Installation

   Confirm that CMake 3.30.8 is installed correctly.

   cmake --version

   Expected output:

   cmake version 3.30.8

Troubleshooting Tips

If you encounter issues, try these steps:

• Dependency Conflicts: Run sudo apt install -f to fix broken dependencies.
• Held Packages: Check for held packages with sudo apt-mark showhold and release them with sudo apt-mark unhold cmake cmake-data.
• Verify Binary Path: Ensure the correct CMake is used with which cmake (should point to /usr/bin/cmake).

Preventing Automatic Upgrades

To prevent APT from upgrading CMake to a newer version, hold the package:

sudo apt-mark hold cmake cmake-data

To unhold later:

sudo apt-mark unhold cmake cmake-data

Conclusion

You’ve successfully installed CMake 3.30.8 on Ubuntu 22.04! This version is ideal for projects requiring specific CMake features or compatibility. For more details, visit the Kitware APT repository or CMake’s official website.

Happy building!